observer
- One who watches without participating.
- The source of factual evidence; a person who communicates his
sense impression of the external environment.
- Everything said is said to an observer. (Witz, in Von
Foerster, 1974)
- Observer dependence - the concept that knowledge of reality
is dependent upon the perceptions of the observer.
- Observer inseparability - the concept that observation or
measurement affects the state of the object being observed, that
is, objective measurement or observation from outside a system is
not possible, and the act of observing makes the observer part of
the system under study. Therefore, the observer or measuring
device should be included in the definition of the system.
(Weinberg)
- A system which, through recursive interactions with its own
linguistic states, may always linguistically interact with its
own states as if with representations of its interactions.
(Maturana and Varela, 1979) |